docker: Install the compiled wheel then install extras dependencies (#4357)

- Lets install black, then ask to install black with extrasC
  - pip sees black is installed and just installs extra dependencies

Test:
- Build local container
  - `docker build -t black_local .`
- Run blackd in container
  - `docker run -p 45484:45484 --rm black_local blackd --bind-host 0.0.0.0`
```
cooper@home1:~/repos/black$ docker run -p 45484:45484 --rm black_local blackd --bind-host 0.0.0.0
blackd version 24.4.3.dev11+gad60e62 listening on 0.0.0.0 port 45484
INFO:aiohttp.access:10.255.255.1 [10/May/2024:14:40:36 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 405 204 "-" "curl/8.5.0"

cooper@home1:~/repos/black$ curl http://10.6.9.2:45484
405: Method Not Allowed
```
- Test version is compiled
```
cooper@home1:~/repos/black$ docker run --rm black_local black --version
black, 24.4.3.dev11+gad60e62 (compiled: yes)
Python (CPython) 3.12.3
```

Fixes #4163